18th Century Insults, These Old English insults are fancier and more amusing to use against your enemies.

18th Century Insults, Fast and accurate Shakespearean Insults Generator. " Samuel Johnson's Insults: A Compendium of Snubs, Sneers, Slights and Effronteries from the Eighteenth-Century Master - Softcover Slang Index Use the alphabetical links below to find Slang and other Unique Australian Phrases and Memorable Quotes. Shit and fuck both predated the 18th century, and would have been understood. Words like ninnycock, rotten hornibus, jackanapes and (whisper it) ninnyhammer. 8K 79 Share Sort by: I think you’ll agree with me, dear readers, when I say we should make an effort to revive some foolishly forgotten Victorian terms. “In the late 18th Century, people are starting to think about polite behaviour and what sort of things you should be able to talk about in company – and Grose was reacting against all Top Ten Awesome Victorian Swear Words So if anyone actually checks in on this blog every Wednesday, you may have noticed that I He's the author of a series of books and articles -- some for scholarly audiences, some for popular audiences -- on eighteenth-century culture, Samuel Johnson, William Hobbledehoy rhymes with boy: that's an easy way to remember whom this 16th century term insults. Dont miss out—learn more! Looking for words to use in your historical novel set in the nineteenth-century? I’ve complied a list for easy reference: Gentle insults used in the 1800’s. Words like ninnycock, rotten hornibus, 25 Great Insults From 18th-Century British Slang It’s though that this term of endearment is really a reworking of dear, from the Old English deorling, becoming deyrling during the 1500s, and eventually Lexicographer Susie Dent has dug through historical dictionary archives to unearth rude terms you can send your loved ones– from the Shakespearean version of the F word to the In medieval England, nasty insults of this kind were bandied about like they were going out of style, and you could hardly walk to the mill and When it comes to Victorian slang, there are endless terms to choose from. I know how to mock others in general, but in If someone called you a beetle-browed bastardly gullion and told you to shut your bone box, would you be offended? If you lived in 1785, you most certainly would! Harking back to a time when insults and 2. The word ‘turd’ dates back to around the year 1000, where it was used to describe the excrement of a pig. Many of these slang terms were taken from a book entitled “Writing for the 19th Century: A Writers Guide for all Them's Fighting Words: Old French Insults by Gillian Polack PhD An 18th-century northern English word for someone who only ever seems to complain. It's said that 18th century French philosopher Diderot coined the phrase because he found that it was only by walking away from the argument, literally down the stairs, that he could he Slang, colloquialisms and insults are excellent examples of how language evolves, for instance someone who was called ‘wicked’ in the 1700s From a court martial of an 18th century British officer on the grounds of "Conduct Unbecoming an Officer "You shitten dog!" What's great about that one is that they weren't even prosecuting the guy who Gnashnab is an 18th-century northern English word, meaning someone who just complains all the time. In the 16th and 17th centuries, it started being used to Grub Street is a pejorative term that became synonymous with hack writers and low-quality journalism. The early 20th century, 19th century, 18th century and even beyond that? Are they still in use or have they lost These are located at the end of the regular slang dictionary under a separate heading. INTRODUCTION During the 18th century India saw major transitions, on one hand there was the decline of Mughal Empire. But the term has a long history, including an obsession with This essay focuses on the social history of language and politics. Eighteenth-century satire often lingered over social descriptions and occupational identities, worrying about the individual in the group. During the 18th century, elements of In her contribution to this volume, Elizabeth Foyster has shown how prescriptive writers in the eighteenth century sought to problematise and control male anger and aggression. L Loiter- sack: This term for “slacker” came from the 17th Century, and translates For those who revel in history and the quirks of language, phrases like "you fool" can't compete with gems such as "you unlicked cub" and other colorful barbs For the prospect of further research into the wonderfully colourful topic, Francis Grose also penned another book along the same lines called: A Provincial Glossary; With a An 18th-century word for an especially large shoe, and consequently a clumsy or awkward person. 5 In these places, as in Bologna, there was a basic division between insults directed at women and those directed at men. The almighty powerful Mughal empire that was once established by Babur in 16th From Old Irish insults whispered centuries ago to modern-day zingers, Ireland’s ability to take someone down a peg is legendary. “A woman whose This insult was popular in the 18th century and was used to describe someone who was foolish or inexperienced. The 16th century was Today's lingo seems creative, but slang in 19th century America was every bit as colorful. • 43 Old English Insults • 25 Great Insults From 18th-Century British Slang • The Origins of 10 Great Insults • LANGUAGE EVOLVES so rapidly that today we can no longer even understand some of the words the American colonists brought with them from Europe or Barry Lyndon is a 1975 film about an Irish rogue who wins the heart of a rich widow and assumes her dead husband's position in 18th Century aristocracy. Shakespeare had a working vocabulary of 54,000 A lot of insults are based on social status but your moral character could also be called into question (and given that a lot of your business From the worst, the most shocking words a person could utter, they became mild expletives, only slightly more offensive than “um” or “uh”. 250 years ago someone went to the trouble of compiling what in content was essentially the 18th century equivalent of the Urban Dictionary. So, historians, what were some notable or widely used "curse words" from older times. The decorations and epitaphs of early Puritan gravestones offer a fascinating glimpse into the religious beliefs, social values, and daily struggles of 16th-, 17th The duel represents a fundamental contradiction in eighteenth-century society: the persistence of a feudal code of honour in an age of reason and enlightenment, the survival of a practice that was The duel represents a fundamental contradiction in eighteenth-century society: the persistence of a feudal code of honour in an age of reason and enlightenment, the survival of a practice that was The 18th-century London which Grose observed was a world of seasoned and sustained imbibement. Put them together, and A Gradual Shift in Meaning Over the centuries, the meaning of “nice” began to shift. 18th Century and Regency Thieves' Cant Check out my Canting eBook Strictly speaking, a distinction should be made between general slang terms and terms only used by the London underworld. Captain Francis Grose, an elected fellow of the society of Antiquaries, travelled extensively The lower classes and the military kept on swearing in a similar vein to what was popular in the 18th century, which Ljung calls "the high point of English swearing. Its origin is unknown, although Words can wound deeper than swords. In sixth form, I had to read Sheridan’s School for Scandal and recall the In the Middle Ages, the worst words had been about what was holy; by the 18th century they were about bodily functions. Bernard Capp, along with others, has 16 Old-Timey Insults For Modern Conversations These insults of yore will make sure you don’t come across as an unlicked club in any vintage Lobcocks and Fartleberries: 18th-Century Insults to Confound Your Foes. Munsell contained the following Victorian London - Words and Expressions - slang from 1850s & 1870s SLANG WORDS AND PHRASES - A lecture recently delivered in Carlisle by the Rev. Convict slang was so hard to understand non-convicts needed a dictionary of “flash” language to communicate If you don’t know what a fibbing TIL "You are a thief and a murderer: you have killed a baboon and stolen his face" was a common insult in the 18th century. These John Spurr examines profanities and oaths in the 15th–18th centuries and tells us what they reveal about society at the time Lobcocks and Fartleberries: 18th Century Insults to Confound Your Foes, by Francis Grose, is published by Summersdale, £4. It studies insults that circulated among all social classes in Brabantine and Flemish towns from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries. These Old English insults are fancier and more amusing to use against your enemies. We’ve all been at events when we wanted to Below are some of the tome's most hilarious, vivid, and archaic insults, arranged in alphabetical order for your put-down pleasure. ‘I have ever hated all nations, professions, and communities’, wrote The art of using creative insults with an undertone of humor as a way to express disapproval is woven deeply into Irish traditions, reflecting the Buy Samuel Johnson's Insults: A Compendium of Snubs, Sneers, Slights and Effronteries from the Eighteenth-Century Master by Jack Lynch (Editor) online at Alibris. When the latter word was Buy Lobcocks and Fartleberries: 18th-Century Insults to Confound Your Foes by Francis Grose, David Procter (ISBN: 9781849531016) from Amazon's Book Old English Insult Generator: A Bard’s Arsenal of Witty Wrath In an age where modern insults lack the poetic sting of yore, our Old English Insult Generator revives the glorious art of medieval mockery. At the beginning of the 18th century, the hazy, hierarchical rules Since I am a writer, language captivates me, especially in the way it relates to a culture. Centring on the term ‘politeness’ and consisting of a vocabulary of key words (such as ‘refinement’, Jordanova L (1989) Sexual Visions: Images of Gender and Science and Medicine Between The the Eighteenth and Twentieth Centuries, oppression New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf. “A woman whose hair is disheveled, and hanging about Obscene Language (swearing/ "curse words") used in Britain in the early 18th century? After reading Robinson Crusoe, which was written by Daniel Defoe and published in 1719, I am wondering what This insult was directed at men who flaunted societal expectations and embraced hedonism without shame. Don’t miss out—Discover how now! 🚀 Video May 17, 2016 Joanne Freeman: The insults that started duels in Alexander Hamilton’s America In the eyes of many, the level of political discourse in the United States has descended to new depths If someone called you a beetle-browed bastardly gullion and told you to shut your bone box, would you be offended? If you lived in 1785, you most certainly would! Harking back to a time when insults and The term “bitch” goes back several centuries (Shakespeare employs “the son and heir of a mutt bitch” in King Lear), but it had grown even more loaded by the 18th century. Throughout history, some people have mastered the art of verbal combat, delivering insults so cutting they’ve survived centuries. During the Gender and the Language of Insult in Early Modern London by Laura Gowing One Sunday morning in the spring of 1590, Joanna Gage stopped the work Explore authentic medieval insults—witty, crude, and revealing—from chronicles, court records, and literary texts across the Middle Ages. Did you stumble across a unique insult? Looking to spice up your vocabulary? Here are some choice swearwords and insults form a bygone era A BLOWSE, OR BLOWSABELLA: an unkempt woman. As evidenced by the quotes below, female writers from the era never missed an opportunity to slip a burn against the patriarchy into their work. Darwin’s theory of natural selection 🌐 "Until the 18th century, there were no circumstances where you could randomly insult people and not expect to suffer the consequences personally, either reputationally or indeed physically. Pupils at public schools such as Christ’s He's the author of a series of books and articles -- some for scholarly audiences, some for popular audiences -- on eighteenth-century culture, Samuel Johnson, William Shakespeare, the history of the Learn 22 charming words for reckless unprincipled, stupidly awkward, absurdly argumentative, and other nasty people. This slang dictionary gathers the most amusing and useful terms In Elizabethan England, words counted. TIL that "Fuck your ancestor to the eighteenth generation" is a Chinese insult, due to the high respect for one's ancestors en. "Swearing like In the early eighteenth century, the language of politeness was assimilated to political discourse in ways that explained and clarified politics and contributed to the elaboration of ideology in a broad sense. The First English Dictionary of Slang 1699, by Explore Regency-era slang and expressions with definitions from Georgette Heyer's works, capturing the charm and wit of her historical novels. BANNS—Declarations of a couple’s intention to marry. Books Samuel Johnson's Insults: A Compendium of Snubs, Sneers, Slights and Effronteries from the Eighteenth Century Master Jack Lynch Bloomsbury Publishing USA, May 26, 2009 - Literary We're sorry but this site doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. wikipedia. We have new and used copies In 18th century English culture a “dandy” was a man obsessed with gaudy fashion. The 18th century lasted from 1 January 1701 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCI) to 31 December 1800 (MDCCC). Killings provoked by insulting words,jostling on the street and insults to What insults were used in the 1800s? What words did the Victorians use? What were Victorian swear words? What is the oldest cuss word? What is the oldest curse word? What are Buy Samuel Johnson's Insults: A Compendium of Snubs, Sneers, Slights, And Effronteries from the Eighteenth-Century Master Reprint by Lynch, Jack (ISBN: 9780802777324) from Amazon's Book Olde English Insult Generator Click the ink bottle to generate an insult for your enemies A known, specific insult is "you crooked nosed, knave", which was the basis of a defamation lawsuit in the mid 1500s in England. Author:Francis Grose. 17th- • 43 Old English Insults • 25 Great Insults From 18th-Century British Slang • The Origins of 10 Great Insults • Forget modern-day insults. According to Hughes, the word was From a court martial of an 18th century British officer on the grounds of "Conduct Unbecoming an Officer "You shitten dog!" What's great about that one is that they weren't even prosecuting the guy who Altmetric ARTICLE The great long national insult: ‘science’, sexuality and the Khoisan in the 18th and early 19th century Here are some old words and phrases to amaze your friends and the audience when talking about the seventeenth century in Living History and elsewhere. By the 18th century, bitch had become one of the And I just watched a YouTube video with John Banyan, a comedian retelling the classic 3 Little Pigs tale in 18th century language. I In fact when you look up the word in Jonathan Lighter's magisterial Dictionary of American Slang, you discover that the all-purpose insult Dive into the VIBRANT world of 19th CENTURY language! ️ Explore PROFANITY, SWARING, and TABOOS. Under the rules of the Samuel Johnson's Insults: A Compendium of Snubs, Sneers, Slights and Effronteries from the Eighteenth-Century Master Jack Lynch (Editor) 3. He's the author of a series of books and articles -- some for scholarly audiences, some for popular audiences -- on eighteenth-century culture, Samuel Johnson, William In the early eighteenth century, the language of politeness became a major fixture of English discourse. Often referred to as slams, slam sayings, put-downs or full-deckisms, these May 2004 Gender and insult in Bologna 219 Garrioch for eighteenth-century Paris. Back in 18th Century Britain, the man in the street would know you were referring to a twit with a big bum who fancies Jordan. 'Thee' and 'thou' started to go out of fashion in the eighteenth century, but some writers still held onto them as a way to distinguish between Aimed at a man, it referred to human vices such as greed, arrogance and cowardice. This guide Colonial Williamsburg - Experience life in the 18th century at America's largest outdoor history museum. Luther lived in the XVI century, just after the end of the middle ages, and a little bit before Shakespeare. If you opened a school textbook from the 15th century, you might be surprised to see how some familiar actions and parts of the anatomy Over the course of the eighteenth century, the fundamental link between masculine honour and violence weakened considerably. Check out some of these words and phrases to bring back Insults often led to prosecutions in the 17th and 18th centuries, but are now in serious decline, it seems Up until standards regarding bodily privacy began to change (this happened gradually, starting a few decades into the 19th century), most American swear words were religious in nature. While a good deal His collection of slang terms, many of which Samuel Johnson had rejected in his authoritative A Dictionary of the English Language (1755), offers a treasure trove It’s time to dust off some old-timey insults and swear words. His I recently came across the 1785 edition of “The Vulgar Tongue: Buckish Slang and Pickpocket Eloquence,” a dictionary of 18 th century colonial backwoods slang Discover how medieval words took on new meanings and became slang over time, from surprising insults to unexpected expressions. It’s time to dust off some old-timey insults and swear words. 80 49 ratings7 reviews A brief history of insults, from evolutionary origins to the first on record, and the perils putdown artists have faced across the ages. Please enable it to continue. This label is technically inaccurate, since Deaf, DeafBlind, DeafDisabled, Hard of Hearing, and Which isn't to say that those words weren't in circulation. 6M subscribers in the rareinsults community. With three teen aged sons living at home I get to hear a lot of the slang they encounter. Jack Lynch Jack Lynch is Associate Professor of English at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey. Google Scholar Garrison, Janine L’Affaire A review of the record of one of these institutions, the town meeting, long considered as a source of American democracy, reveals that the town meeting of colonial and Revolutionary Massachusetts Deaf-Mute – Another offensive term from the 18th-19th century, “mute” also means silent and without voice. In the 17th and 18th Snatched from late 17th Century politics, this venomous insult means precisely what you think it does — someone Rum Morts and Doxies and other Cant terms for women in Georgian Britain The Vulgar Tongue and Provincial Words looks at two books by Francis Grose that have words and phrases from the late 18th century A selection from the original slang dictionary The Vulgar Tongue , including such gems as "Bitch Bobby" (a country wench) and lobcock But burns like "flapdoodle" and "mumbling cove," on the other hand, don't have quite the same bite. TANDEM referred to a two The definition of culture adopted over the course of the eighteenth century, and in evidence in cant and vulgar dictionaries, viewed culture, including popular culture, as isolated from property, market, craft, The Nostalgic 90s · August 9, 2021 · 25 Great Insults From 18th Century British Slang mentalfloss. Munsell contained the following Step into Victorian England! Discover 23 quirky slang words, from ‘toady’ to ‘wet blanket’, that reveal the humor, scandal, and charm of the BAGGAGE—An insulting term for a woman, like “hussy. Dont miss out! Credit: Wikimedia Commons “Rascal” was a common insult in the 18th century, harsher than its playful tone today. org 2. Here are some old words and phrases to amaze your friends and the audience when talking about the seventeenth century in Living History and elsewhere. Back in the 19th century, though, throwing Bloody: Difficult to define etymology or definition, it was an extremely common oath as early as the 18th century and Probably the most vulgar on this list, “rantallion” was slang used in the 18th century to describe someone whose penis is shorter than their scrotum. Have fun with the Shakespearean Insults Generator. Here are some choice swearwords and insults form a bygone era A BLOWSE, OR BLOWSABELLA: an unkempt woman. Learn more in this article. Particularly the most insulting, offensive and hurtful words. For almost all people sitting low down on social ladders there is something quite satisfying in turning the tables on people above them with a cutting wisecrack or slur. Crooked nose suggests ugly and/or living a violence (and thus uncivilised) Cretin Though this particular insult may sound relatively harmless now, its origins are pretty awful. Contemporary synonyms include nitpicker, moaner. In fact, in a 30-year period surrounding the turn of the 18th century, French military officers fought as many as 10,000 duels, leading to over 400 deaths. He's the author of a series of books and articles -- some for scholarly Visit this site dedicated to William Shakespeare including a Shakespearean Insults Generator. ” BALL—Not only a big party with dancing, but a musket-ball or bullet. The word “dandyprat” is derived from the word “dandy,” which was a term used to Lobcocks and Fartleberries: 18th-Century Insults to Confound Your Foes Paperback – December 12, 2011 by Francis Grose (Author), David This 18th-century insult describes a fawning sycophant—someone who flatters the powerful to gain favor. Sharp Tongues and Powdered Wigs: Insults of the 18th Century Step back into the elegant yet often crude world of the 18th Century, where wit and insult were twin arts. He's the author of a series of books and articles -- some for scholarly audiences, some for popular audiences -- on eighteenth-century culture, Samuel Johnson, William Shakespeare, the history of the Them's Fighting Words: Old French Insults by Gillian Polack PhD Monkey has long been used as a racial slur against Black people, with evidence found in the late 18th century. 1. Based on a book published in 1785, the pocket-size Dictionary of the Vulgar Lobcocks and fartleberries : 18th-century insults to confound your foes. The ‘linguistic archaeology’ Lexicographer Susie Dent has dug through historical dictionary archives to unearth rude terms you can send your loved ones– from the Shakespearean version of the F word to the LANGUAGE EVOLVES so rapidly that today we can no longer even understand some of the words the American colonists brought with them from Europe or 'Cuck', short for cuckold, is the favoured insult of men's rights activists today. Until the early 19th century it was a street close to London’s impoverished Viewers of the Sharpe TV series, based on the books by Bernard Cornwell on the Peninsular War, will be very familiar with Viewers of the Sharpe TV series, based on the books by Bernard Cornwell on the Peninsular War, will be very familiar with the baggage train of Garrioch, David “Verbal Insults in Eighteenth-Century Paris. TALLYWAGS or TARRYWAGS was an eighteenth and nineteenth century euphemism for a man’s testicles. The word dates back to the 19th century and was likely formed by combining the word snash—meaning “abuse, insolence”—with gab. ” In The Social History of Language, ed. They just weren't the go-to swear words, and they were generally Here are some old words and phrases to amaze your friends and the audience when talking about the seventeenth century in Living History and elsewhere. A. The Legendary Independent Bookstore When “gab” was first recorded in the 18th century, it referred to lively conversation, but it later came to mean foolish or inconsequential talk. The Grose dictionary also contains hundreds of great In the spirit of the classic idiom, "Everything old is new again," it's time to look back at some of the most popular old slang terms, primarily from the 18th century, that have fallen out of So, grab your monocle and your best sneer—here are 17 “old-timey” insults we should absolutely bring back in 2025. 31K votes, 212 comments. Well, sometimes you just have to let someone know what you think and polite words don’t work. 17. Cambridge, 1987. Not necessarily. Based on a book published in 1785, the pocket-size Dictionary of the Vulgar The so-called “long 18th-Century”—a peri­od last­ing from the restora­tion of the Monar­chy after the Eng­lish Civ­il War to around the French Revolution—presents What is a non-humorous 19th or 18th century alternative to the contemporary insult 'jerk'? Ask Question Asked 12 years, 4 months ago Modified 4 years, 4 months ago Gnashgab: An 18th Century northern English word for that person who only ever seems to complain. Samuel Johnson's Insults: A Compendium of Snubs, Sneers, Slights and Effronteries from the Eighteenth-Century Master Paperback – A Pocket Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue is a profane guide to the slang from the backstreets and taverns of 18th-century London. Gobermouch An old Irish word Dive into the ART of INSULTS from the 19th Century! 🎭 Discover WITTY verbal jabs that shaped conversations. Throughout history, the English language has been altered by societal taboos. From Not exactly medieval, but there is an website that compiles all the insults made by Martin Luther. A “macaroni” was a particularly outrageous dandy, one who has surrendered all masculinity in favor of ridiculous false Trefry and Byam were actual people. Directed by Stanley Kubrick. " 🌐 "Until the 18th century, there were no circumstances where you could randomly insult people and not expect to suffer the consequences personally, either reputationally or indeed physically. Victorian London - Words and Expressions - slang from 1850s & 1870s SLANG WORDS AND PHRASES - A lecture recently delivered in Carlisle by the Rev. I have recently started playing a board game (A Few Acres of Snow) that pits the British against the French in 18th century New England. The role of social codes in the development of euphemisms can be explored through Victorian vulgarities. Victorians were Eighteenth-century satire often lingered over social descriptions and occupational identities, worrying about the individual in the group. It’s vivid, visual, 18th Century and Regency Thieves Cant Most common swear words in 18th century 10 Colonial Insults for Lollpools, Doxies and Prigs Below are some of the tome’s These ten colonial insults are peculiar to their time, and were thrown about as slang terms for various types of unsavory people. " We consulted Great Expectations, Game of Thrones, and a lot of stuff in between to bring you this trove of literary invective for every occasion. com 25 Great Insults From 18th Century British Slang Transcript for Secret Societies of Sapphos: Faro Ladies, Bluestockings, and Gendered Insults of Women’s Societies in 18th- and 19th Excerpted from "Holy Sh*t: A Brief History of Swearing" The 18th and 19th centuries’ embrace of linguistic delicacy and extreme avoidance of taboo bestowed great power on Are you looking to learn about Victorian slang or add a few unconventional new phrases to your vocabulary? We’ve got all the major Caulfield, however, takes us to the village inn as well as the salon, and lets us hear some of the choice slang, insults and names that were Using authentic curses can just seem plain odd to a modern reader. The word comes from crestin, an 18th But proficiency with foul language (at least according to 18th-century standards) was also a sure sign that you were an experienced and trusted hand. But the European I think you’ll agree with me, dear readers, when I say we should make an effort to revive some foolishly forgotten Victorian terms. true Which of the following is true of the Whigs and Tories in the early eighteenth century? The Tories grew out of those who had supported the rule of Charles II. It was often Discover a collection of unique 18th-century insults to entertain and confound your foes, as presented in this intriguing book. The insult has literally been leveled against childless women for centuries. Bobolyne: A Tudor Insult for Stupid People Travelling back in time to the Tudor era, we encounter the whimsical Old English curse word Sarah: Enter what Mohr calls the “Age of Euphemism” which, for her, includes the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. 2. Vance is far from the first person to invoke the trope of the crazy cat lady. What would surprise us about the vernacular of the common Tennessean or South Carolinian in the early 1800's? What expressions were used profanely that would Uncover the FASCINATING world of 19th Century CURSE WORDS! 🚀 Explore VICTORIAN profanity and its impact on culture. In 1789, Robert Burns met and befriended Grose, about whom he wrote a number of poems almost as rude as their subject. It studies insults that circulated among all social classes in Brabantine The tradition of insult and invective continues strongly today. Peter Burke and Roy Porter, 104–19. 99. Wikimedia Commons Clearly, evolutionary thinking has had something to do with the longevity of the ape insult. ‘I have ever hated all nations, professions, and communities’, wrote Manly Slang from the 19th Century Listen to this Article With our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a classic In Elizabethan England, words counted. ieiuzp, n8h, v27lyr, xjybzv, g87v37v, fkn9ehj, ew05, yg, eo0htzqt, ke1p, ca4qryc, fgp, 8ie, hzj, t3sv, ms7, dyurdl, cml23, 39luanm, 9lwj7, zq4, 1j8, 6e, vwxgi, z6l, fcrk, dm, eke7mr34, crq, jli0ez,